The dryer is a electromechanical device designed for extract efficiently humidity Residual from clothing and textile materials, ensuring quick and adjusted drying immediately after washing. The introduction of this appliance constituted a significant innovation in the management of domestic activities, with a significant increase in sales in recent years, in particular in urban contexts characterized by apartments of reduced size and the lack of adequate external spaces, as well as in areas with conditions cold and humid climatic
How does a dryer work?
The operating principle of the dryer is based on the creation of a hot environment, thermally controlled And low -hygrometric (of humidity) inside the basket, in which a flow is circulated of heated air To encourage the process of evaporating the humidity present in the tissues. The appliance requires a contribution of thermal energy to raise the process temperature, with the various technical configurations that differ according to the method adopted for the generation of heat. The basket dryer, operated by an electric motor, produces a rotary motorcycle that allows agitation of the clothes, distributing homogeneously hot air through i Forums present in the back. The absence of this movement would result in a limited air circulation, resulting in increase lasting the drying cycle. Some models are also equipped with integrated humidity sensors, capable in real time to monitor the water content present inside the basket and automatically optimize the time required for each work cycle.
Condensing dryer
In conventional dryers condensationthe process air is heated the passage through one electrical resistance (commonly known as serpentine), i.e. a ohmic element that limits the flow of electrons, converting electricity to thermal. Resistance, reaching high temperatures following the passage of electric charges, transfers the colder heat heat which, through one fanis introduced into the rotating basket to absorb the humidity present in the fabrics. Subsequently, the high hygrometric air flow is directed through a filter To hold back the particles of fluff (the “plongs”) generated by the garments. Finally, the purified air can be expelled outside through a special exhaust conduit or conveyed to an Scold surface thermal changer (fell to increase the exchange surface), where the water vapor present condensate In water. In this way, dry air is ready to be ricerculate within the system.
Heat pump dryer
A further type of dryer who recently achieved wide success thanks to its high energy and operational performance is that a heat pump. Its operation is based on a cycle thermodynamic refrigerator, Similar to that used in air air conditioning systems (set in heating mode), whose system consists mainly of a compressor, two heat exchangers (evaporator and capacitor) and an expansion valve (lamination). Ambiente air, aspirated through a fan, is conveyed through the capacitorWhere absorb The heat transferred from the refrigerant fluid, increasing the temperature before being introduced into the rotating basket. During the drying cycle, the humidity evaporates from the fabrics and the saturated air of water vapor is then extracted and filtered to remove solid particles. Subsequently, the air flow is addressed toevaporatorwhere it cools down yielding heat to the refrigerant fluid; In this phase the water vapor contained in the condensate air, while the dehumidified air is prepared for the recirculation in the system.
Condensate discharge systems
The following systems are available on the market condensate unloading:
- Condensing unloading: The air flow with high humidity is subjected to condensation, with the collection of the resulting water in a special tray, positioned frontally To facilitate their extraction and it emptying At the end of Everything is fine operating cycle. This system does not require no connection to external pipes, allowing an installation free And flexible of the appliance in any area of the house;
- Exhaust via tube: Condensate water comes automatically evacuated through a drain tube connected to the drenage home network (for example, the washing machine unloading). Consequentially, it is not needed proceed with the manual emptying of the container, but the dryer’s placement must be planned depending on the availability of access appropriate to the exhaust system in the immediate vicinity;
- Expulsion unloading: The humid air, at the end of the drying cycle, it does not come subjected to cooling or condensation, but is expelled directly Outside through a pipe installed on the wall or window. However, this type of dryer is now obsolete And it was almost completely replaced by the other exhaust systems.
The latest generation dryers they integrate multiple solutionsbeing equipped both with a collection tank and with a direct exhaust system. This allows you to select the most suitable mode according to the needs of space and practicality of use.
Which type of dryer to choose
Heat pump dryers have a purchase cost superior Compared to traditional condensing models but highlight a electrical consumption significantly inferiorequal to approx 1.05 kWh against 4.4 kWh by drying cycle. This translates into energy savings and reduction of the operating costs in the bill. In addition, heat pump dryers ensure performance more efficient and a better quality of drying, thanks to the operating temperatures of less operating than electrical resistance units, reducing thermal stress on the fabrics.
In the near future, a further increase in sales and the use of dryers is expected, especially in residential contexts. The choice of the most suitable model depends on the specific needs of the user, the structural conditions of the home and the methods of use. When purchasing, a knowledge too basic Of the principles of operation and technical differences between the different types, it can significantly facilitate the decision -making process.
