Ecology

Cooking pasta with hydrochloric acid and caustic soda: the chemical experiment

Cooking pasta with hydrochloric acid and caustic soda: the chemical experiment

From a chemical point of view, the cooking salt (sodium chloride – NaCl) is nothing more than the neutralization product of a strong acid (hydrochloric acid – HCl) and one strong base (sodium hydroxide, commonly called caustic soda – NaOH). So the question came to me spontaneously: is it possible to boil pasta in a pan full of water where ...

The origin of the "roar" recorded in the Gran Sasso in 2023 revealed: it was variations in water pressure

The origin of the “roar” recorded in the Gran Sasso in 2023 revealed: it was variations in water pressure

The origin of the has been discovered loud “boom” registered in National Laboratories of Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN): its causes of the event, which occurred during the night between 14 and 15 August 2023, remained unknown for a long time, but now researchers from INFN, INGV (National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology) and ...

Why duct tape comes off over time: It's more complicated than it seems

Why duct tape comes off over time: It’s more complicated than it seems

We use them almost every day: posters, stickers, double-sided tapes. When we apply them to a surface, they adhere thanks to the viscoelastic properties of the adhesive material and the quality of contact between adhesive and surface. However, since no real chemical bonds are formed, themembership is not permanent and as time passes it tends to reduce, to the point ...

There is, there is, neither or none: when they are used and how to distinguish the particles that send Italians into crisis

There is, there is, neither or none: when they are used and how to distinguish the particles that send Italians into crisis

AI generated image Many Italians, even educated ones, stumble upon phrases like “There are few” or “There is one for everyone”. It’s about expressions key they tend to be confused because their sound it’s a lot similar. According to the definition it is written there is (with apostrophe and accent) when it means “there is” or “exists”. It is used ...

A more resistant concrete inspired by the mother of pearl of shells: what the new study says

A more resistant concrete inspired by the mother of pearl of shells: what the new study says

New research conducted at Princeton University’s Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering opens a promising path towards a new generation of cementitious materialswhich can be used to create more resistant, safe and long-lasting buildings and infrastructures. At the basis of this innovation there is not a new cement or a new mixture, but it study of the structure of mother-of-pearl: ...

Which AI to use to do what: the comparison of the best LLMs of the moment

Which AI to use to do what: the comparison of the best LLMs of the moment

Today we hear more and more often about LLM (Large Language Models), or large language models. These are the artificial intelligence systems that are the basis of the functioning of the chatbots that we use every day for the most varied reasons: from ChatGPT to Gemini, passing through Claude, DeepSeek, Grok, etc. Each LLM has its own peculiarities and characteristics: ...

The nuclear fuel cycle, from uranium extraction to enrichment and disposal

The nuclear fuel cycle, from uranium extraction to enrichment and disposal

The nuclear fuel cycle includes all the industrial and technological phases aimed at producing electricity from uranium in nuclear reactors. The process begins with the operations of extraction and treatment of the uranium mineral, followed by the phases of conversion And enrichmentuntil manufacturing of nuclear fuel. Once removed from the reactor, the spent fuel can be reprocessed, in order to ...

The putrefaction of a body, from the action of bacteria to the skeleton: all the phases

The putrefaction of a body, from the action of bacteria to the skeleton: all the phases

Credit: Giles Laurent, CC BY–SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons Crime and horror lovers: have you ever wondered what happens when an investigator finds a putrefied body? How did he get like this? There putrefaction it is one of the fundamental processes of decomposition of organic material after the death of an organism. The bacteria anaerobes (which do not need oxygen ...